Extracting individual characteristics from population data reveals a negative social effect during honeybee defence

Honeybees protect their colony against vertebrates by mass stinging and they coordinate their actions during this crucial event thanks to an alarm pheromone carried directly on the stinger, which is therefore released upon stinging.The pheromone then recruits nearby bees so that more and more bees participate in the defence.However, a quantitative

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FRAGMENTATION AND CONFLICT AMONG ISLAMIC POLITICAL PARTIES IN INDONESIA DURING REFORMASI ERA (1998-2009): Anatomy, Factors and Implications

Since independence of the Republic of Indonesia, Muslims, as the majority population, have established diverse smartgiro Islamic political parties.The nature of such parties has changed from the days of the Old Order to the New Order and Reformasi eras.Despite similar anatomies between Islamic parties of the Old Order and those of Reformasi, Islami

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